@article {1859, title = {In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Imperata cylindrica Root{\textquoteright}s Extract toward Human Cervical Cancer and Identification of Potential Bioactive Compounds [Mass Spectrometry - Metabolomics Facility]}, journal = {BioMed research international}, volume = {2021}, year = {2021}, month = {10/2021}, type = {Journal Article}, abstract = {

Imperata cylindrica is traditionally used to cure several diseases including cancer, wounds, and hypertension. The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer activity of the methanolic root extract of I. cylindrica (IC-MeOH). The water-soluble tetrazolium-1 and colony formation assays were used to check the proliferation ability of the cells. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) analysis was used for the metabolites profiling of IC-MeOH. Based on high-mass accuracy, spectral data, and previous reports, tentative compound identifications were assigned. Our findings revealed that IC-MeOH inhibited the proliferation of HeLa and CaSki cells. The plant extract was also found to induce a concentration- and time-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase (IC50 value) in CaSki cell line. Analysis of IC-MeOH permitted the identification of 10 compounds already reported for their anticancer activity, epicatechin, curcumin, (-)-yatein, caffeic acid, myricetin, jatrorrhizine, harmaline, cinnamaldehyde, dobutamine, and syringin. In conclusion, IC-MeOH is a rich source of cytotoxic metabolites that inhibits human cervical cancer proliferation via apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4259777}, url = {https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2021/4259777/$\#$materials-and-methods}, author = {Nayim, Paul and Sudhir, Krishna and Mbaveng, Armelle T and Kuete, Victor and Sanjukta, Mukherjee} } @article {719, title = {Functional tumor infiltrating TH1 and TH2 effectors in large early-stage cervical cancer are suppressed by regulatory T cells.}, journal = {Int J Gynecol Cancer}, volume = {22}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Sep}, pages = {1130-7}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: Analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is one of the cornerstones for the understanding of immune responses prevailing in the tumor microenvironment. We studied TILs from squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix ex vivo without proliferating them in vitro before analysis.

METHODS: Whereas TILs were magnetic activated cell separation enriched and flow sorted into CD4 CD25 (regulatory T cells [Tregs]), CD4 CD25 (effector T cells [Teffs]) were directly purified by flow cytometry, and both these subsets were characterized phenotypically and functionally. Tissue sections were probed for interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon γ.

RESULTS: Effector T cells constitutively expressed both interferon γ and IL-4 prototypical cytokines of TH1 and TH2, respectively, and were able to proliferate and secrete higher quantities of both cytokines in response to anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and autologous tumor lysates. Only 53\% of cervical cancer Tregs were FOXP3, elaborated transforming growth factor β1, and IL-10 and were able to inhibit both T helper subsets.

CONCLUSIONS: Intratumoral Teffs represented functionally active subsets of both TH1 and TH2 that were not anergic but were suppressed by multiple Treg subsets, which comprised FOXP3 + Tregs and Tregs secreting transforming growth factor β1 and IL-10. These results imply that the microenvironment of cervical carcinomas harbored both TH1 and TH2 subsets of CD4 Teffs that were functionally active but were perhaps unable to perform because of the overpowering effect of Tregs.

}, keywords = {Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Cytokines, Female, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Interferon-gamma, Lymphocyte Activation, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, Neoplasm Staging, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms}, issn = {1525-1438}, doi = {10.1097/IGC.0b013e318262aa53}, author = {Adurthi, Sreenivas and Mukherjee, Geetashree and Krishnamurthy, H and Sudhir, Krishna and Bafna, Uttamchand D and Umadevi, Kswamy and Jayshree, Rudrapatna Subramanyam} }