Novel studies of characterization, antioxidant, anticoagulant and anticancer activity of purified polysaccharide from Hypsizygus ulmarius mushroom [Mass Spectrometry - Glycomics]

A water-soluble polysaccharide (HUP-2) was isolated from H. ulmarius using hot water extraction and purified using ion exchange chromatography (DEAE cellulose-52) and gel filtration (Sepharose-6B). The structure characteristics of HUP-2 were investigated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and XRD analysis revealed that it formed a semi-crystalline structure. HUP-2 is a monosaccharide with a molecular weight of 25.296 kDa. The HUP-2 is assemble with 1.96% rhamnose, 16.51% mannose, 22.76% galactose, and 19.43% glucose. It could be found that the main backbone chain of HUP-2 consisted N-acetylglycosidic. The polysaccharide's DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 17.08 to 56.90%. The radical scavenging activity of ABTS varied from 8.02 to 71.44% at 0.5–2.5 mg/ml, whereas superoxide radical scavenging activity was 8.02–63.03%. The results of HUP-2 demonstrated an extension (p < 0.01) of APTT relative to the saline sample at concentrations more than 5 mg/mL. It exhibited a high antioxidant capacity as well. HUP-2 had significant inhibitory and cytotoxic effects in PC3 cells. HUP-2 arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase over all cells except PC3 cells. HUP-2 appears to have a wide range of biological applications, making it a good candidate for usage in functional foods, according to these studies.